Wisconsin · Psychology Rankings · 2027

Best Psychology Programs in Wisconsin for 2027

Six University of Wisconsin campuses cost residents less than University of Wisconsin-Madison’s $11,603, down to $8,616 at Whitewater, yet Madison ranks first, with 90% graduating schoolwide and 424 degrees, the largest count. Eau Claire and La Crosse follow in second and third, and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and Marquette University hold the ranked doctoral programs.

Posted October 27, 2026Updated October 27, 20269 Schools Ranked
Aerial view of downtown Madison, Wisconsin, between the lakes at sunset
Photo: Josh Sorenson / Pexels

Psychology Bachelor’s Degree Programs in Wisconsin

8 schools in Wisconsin awarded psychology bachelor’s degrees in 2023–24, scored against 1,212 bachelor’s programs nationwide. This section shows the top 8 of 28 eligible programs at this level.

  1. 1

    University of Wisconsin-Madison

    Psychology BA and BS

    Madison Public

    85.8 Comparison Score No. 8 Nationally

    Madison's psychology major has six categories: Foundation, Biology, Breadth, Depth, Capstone and Electives, with at least 30 credits in PSYCH. Foundation means Introduction to Psychology, a statistics course and Research Methods, all with a C or better. You take three Breadth courses from three of five area groups (biological, clinical, cognitive and perceptual, developmental, social and personality), then two four-credit Depth courses that include a discussion or lab section, and one seminar-style Capstone such as Epigenetics and the Brain or Introduction to Psychotherapy. The major pairs with either the BA or the BS in the College of Letters & Science. The BS asks for the third unit of a language and two intermediate math, computer science or statistics courses, and the BA asks for a fourth unit of language. Honors in the Major includes a two-semester senior thesis.

    Major Credits
    Minimum of 30 credits in PSYCH.
    Foundation
    PSYCH 202, a statistics course and PSYCH 225 Research Methods.
    Breadth and Depth
    Three Breadth courses from three area groups, then two Depth courses.
    Capstone
    One seminar such as PSYCH 603 Epigenetics and the Brain.
    Honors in the Major
    3.300 GPA and a senior thesis in PSYCH 681 and 682.

    Program Sources: Psychology, BS | University of Wisconsin-Madison GuidePsychology, BA | University of Wisconsin-Madison Guide

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    424
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    90%
    6,851 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $58,901
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $11,603
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $42,103
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  2. 2

    University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

    Psychology BA/BS

    Eau Claire Public

    78.9 Comparison Score

    Four core domains organize the 36 credits of Eau Claire's psychology major: biological, developmental, learning and cognition, and sociocultural. You take at least one course in each, and at least two of the domains must include an upper-division course. Introduction to Psychology, Psychology as a Discipline and a Profession, a statistics course (Elementary Statistics or Statistical Methods in Psychology I), the four-credit Methods of Research in Psychology and either History and Systems or Big Issues in Psychology are required. At least 18 credits must be at the 300 or 400 level, and up to nine credits from PSYC 395, 396, 397, 399 and 499 can count. A separate Behavior Analysis Emphasis is its own major in the same department.

    Major Credits
    36 semester credits, 18 at the 300 and 400 level.
    Statistics and Methods
    MATH 246 or PSYC 265, then PSYC 271 Methods of Research in Psychology.
    Core Domains
    Biological, developmental, learning and cognition, and sociocultural.
    History Course
    History and Systems of Psychology or Big Issues in Psychology.
    Experience Credit
    Up to nine credits from PSYC 395, 396, 397, 399 and 499.

    Program Sources: Psychology, Liberal Arts - B.A./B.S. | UW-Eau Claire Academic Catalog

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    136
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    65%
    2,324 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $58,458
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $9,642
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $19,228
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  3. 3

    University of Wisconsin-La Crosse

    Psychology BA or BS

    La Crosse Public

    78.9 Comparison Score

    La Crosse organizes its psychology major into foundations, sociocultural awareness, advanced electives, and a capstone or experiential choice. Students can finish that final category through options such as a research apprenticeship, teaching apprenticeship, internship, or seminar. The required research methods lecture and laboratory controls access to later courses; the department advises allowing at least four semesters after declaring the major. Sociocultural courses include culture and mental health, prejudice, and LGBTQ+ youth psychology.

    Final Requirement
    Research or teaching apprenticeship, internship, or seminar options.
    Sequence Planning
    The department advises at least four semesters after declaring the major.

    Program Sources: Psychology BA — UW–La Crosse CatalogPsychology BS — UW–La Crosse Catalog

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    198
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    71%
    2,176 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $55,173
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $10,070
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $19,517
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  4. 4

    Marquette University

    Psychology BA

    Milwaukee Private nonprofit

    74.0 Comparison Score

    Four content areas and a neurocognitive block shape Marquette's 38-credit psychology BA. After Psychological Measurement and Statistics and Research Methods and Designs in Psychology, you take at least one upper-division course in each of Developmental, Personal Processes, Social Processes, and Diversity and Inclusion, and at least two courses from Neurocognitive Foundations. Three electives, two of them upper division, finish the 38. Your major adviser, a psychology professor, helps you choose courses based on where you are headed: graduate school, work or medical school. For students who want more research, the Honors in Psychology program adds Honors Research Methods, a research seminar and advanced undergraduate research with a faculty mentor, and juniors apply in spring.

    Major Credits
    38 credit hours minimum.
    Statistics and Methods
    Psychological Measurement and Statistics and Research Methods and Designs, four hours each.
    Content Areas
    Developmental, Personal Processes, Social Processes, and Diversity and Inclusion, 12 hours minimum.
    Neurocognitive Foundations
    At least two courses, 6 hours minimum.
    Honors
    Application in spring term; PSYC 2050H, 4954H and 4956H.

    Program Sources: Psychology Major Overview | Marquette UniversityPsychology, BA | Marquette University Bulletin

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    114
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    83%
    2,162 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $60,338
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $51,170
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $51,170
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  5. 5

    University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

    Psychology BA/BS

    Whitewater Public

    72.5 Comparison Score

    An approved minor is required with the 36-unit psychology major at UW-Whitewater, so you plan the major and a second field together. The core is Introduction to the Psychology Major, Introductory Psychology, Basic Statistical Methods and Research Methods, which satisfies the major writing requirement. You then pick one foundations course from each of four areas: biological processes, cognition and learning, personality, development and social, and adjustment and disorders. Two advanced courses come from options like Psychology of Emotion and Motivation, Psychological Tests and Measurements, Interview and Psychotherapy Techniques and Field Training in Psychology. Students can join the Undergraduate Research Program, complete an independent study, write a senior thesis or take field placements at schools, human service agencies and crisis intervention programs. Future teachers have a separate Psychology Education BSE.

    Major Units
    36 units, plus an approved minor.
    Core Courses
    PSYCH 101, 211, 215 and 216.
    Foundations
    One each from four areas, 12 units.
    Advanced Courses
    At least two different courses, 6 units.
    Field Placements
    Schools, human service agencies, correctional facilities and crisis intervention programs.

    Program Sources: Psychology (BA/BS) | UW-Whitewater CatalogPsychology Bachelor's Degree Program | UW-Whitewater

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    102
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    63%
    1,832 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $52,284
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $8,616
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $18,716
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  6. 6

    University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point

    Psychology BS

    Stevens Point Public

    66.3 Comparison Score

    Stevens Point's psychology BS asks for at least 37 credits: three core courses (PSYC 110, PSYC 200, and PSYC 300 or SOC 351), at least two courses from each of two course lists, 12 elective credits with no more than six at the 200 level, and a capstone of PSYC 400 or PSYC 490. You're strongly encouraged to work with a professor on directed readings, original research, applied internships or special projects. Seniors who have taken Abnormal Psychology and Introduction to Counseling and Psychotherapy can apply for a Human Services internship, six hours a week at a community agency. A Human Services concentration focuses on counseling and behavior modification, and the major is also available as an online degree.

    Major Credits
    At least 37 credits.
    Required Courses
    PSYC 110, PSYC 200, and PSYC 300 or SOC 351.
    Capstone
    PSYC 400 or PSYC 490.
    Internship
    PSYC 494 Human Services Internship, six hours a week at an unpaid placement.
    Concentration and Delivery
    Human Services concentration; online option available.

    Program Sources: Psychology | UW-Stevens Point AcademicsPsychology Online | UW-Stevens Point Academics

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    60
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    57%
    1,414 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $51,024
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $9,228
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $18,248
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  7. 7

    University of Wisconsin-Green Bay

    Psychology Major

    Green Bay Public

    66.1 Comparison Score

    Research Methods in Psychology is the one fixed upper-level course in Green Bay's psychology major, and four area requirements surround it: physiological or cognitive, social or personality, culture or gender, and clinical or counseling. You pick one course in each area, for example Physiological Psychology or Psychology of Cognitive Processes, Cultural Psychology or Psychology of Women and Gender, and Psychopathology or Counseling and Psychotherapy. Twelve elective credits come from the rest of those areas or from topics like Forensic Psychology, Conservation Psychology, Health Psychology and Wrongful Convictions. Supporting work includes Introduction to Psychology, Lifespan Development, a statistics course and a biology course. The major runs 40 to 45 credits, and teaching and research assistantships and internships are encouraged but not required.

    Major Credits
    40 to 45 credits.
    Required Upper-Level Course
    PSYCH 300 Research Methods in Psychology.
    Area Requirements
    Physiological/Cognitive, Social/Personality, Culture/Gender, and Clinical/Counseling.
    Statistics
    PSYCH 205, BUSAN 220 or MATH 260.
    Experiences
    Teaching assistantship, research assistantship or internship, encouraged.

    Program Sources: Psychology | University of Wisconsin-Green Bay Catalog 2026-2027

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    186
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    53%
    904 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $48,711
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $8,700
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $17,288
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  8. 8

    University of Wisconsin-River Falls

    Psychology BS

    River Falls Public

    65.7 Comparison Score

    River Falls' psychology BS rests on two foundations, experimental and social, and you take at least three courses from each list. The experimental list covers Learning and Motivation, Memory and Thinking, Sensation and Perception and Physiological Psychology. The social list covers Personality, Abnormal Psychology and Developmental Psychology for childhood and adolescence or adulthood and aging. Required courses also include General Psychology, Careers in Psychology, Introduction to Psychological Sciences, a statistics course, Research Methods, Psychological Measurement and Evaluation and a Senior Seminar. At least six elective credits can come from Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Health Psychology, Sport Psychology, Behavior Modification, Introduction to Clinical Psychology, an internship or undergraduate research. You can specialize in gender, industrial, health, sport, clinical or animal psychology.

    Degree
    Bachelor of Science in Psychology.
    Research Courses
    PSYC 201 Behavioral Statistics (or a math or economics option), PSYC 216 Research Methods and PSYC 315.
    Foundations
    At least three experimental and at least three social courses.
    Capstone
    PSYC 450 Senior Seminar in Psychology.
    Electives
    At least six credits, including internship and undergraduate research.

    Program Sources: PSYC.AS Psychology, Undergraduate | UW-River Falls CatalogPsychology | University of Wisconsin-River Falls

    Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded
    43
    Psychology, 2023–24
    School Six-Year Graduation Rate
    57%
    1,293 first-time, full-time students
    Median Graduate Earnings
    $53,242
    Psychology bachelor’s graduates, College Scorecard
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $9,008
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $17,470
    Undergraduate, schoolwide, 2024–25

Psychology PhD Programs in Wisconsin

2 schools in Wisconsin awarded research doctorates in psychology in 2023–24. Doctoral scores leave out tuition because funding offers, not sticker price, decide the real cost. This section shows the top 2 of 2 eligible programs at this level.

  1. 1

    University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

    Psychology PhD

    Milwaukee Public

    57.7 Comparison Score

    UWM's PhD in Psychology is offered through three programs, Clinical Psychology (accredited by the APA), Health Psychology and Neuroscience, although Health Psychology is not currently accepting applications. All three are combined MS/PhD programs, so you earn the master's degree on the way, unless you arrive with a master's in psychology or neuroscience that included an empirical thesis. The academic part can be finished in four years, but most students need five or more, and everyone is expected to enroll full time and finish within seven years, apart from the one-year internship the clinical program requires. The clinical program takes a theoretically diverse, biopsychosocial view of research and practice. The department also has an on-campus training clinic and refers counseling and school psychology applicants to Educational Psychology.

    Programs
    Clinical Psychology, Health Psychology and Neuroscience.
    Degree Structure
    Combined MS/PhD; MS waived with an empirical master's thesis.
    Timeline
    Four years possible for coursework, five or more typical; seven years maximum.
    Clinical Internship
    One year, required in the clinical program.
    Training Clinic
    On-campus clinic plus hospital and agency placements in Milwaukee.

    Program Sources: Psychology, PhD | UW-MilwaukeePhD Program | Psychological and Brain Sciences | UW-Milwaukee

    Doctoral Degrees Awarded
    6
    Psychology, 2023–24
    Research Designation
    R1
    Institution, Carnegie 2025
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $12,728
    Graduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $26,159
    Graduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
  2. 2

    Marquette University

    Psychology PhD, Clinical Psychology Specialization

    Milwaukee Private nonprofit

    31.9 Comparison Score

    Marquette's psychology PhD is a clinical psychology specialization, accredited by the APA, and it requires 81 credit hours beyond the bachelor's degree. Along the way you complete six credits of master's thesis work and defend an approved master's thesis, which doubles as the master's exam and earns the master's degree. You then pass a doctoral qualifying examination, complete 12 credits of dissertation work and finish an approved clinical internship. Courses cover scientific areas of psychology, research methods, and professional skills in assessment, psychotherapy, consultation and supervision, and supervised clinical experiences are planned throughout. Practica run through the department's Center for Psychological Services and collaborating Milwaukee agencies. The Multicultural Awareness and Professional Integration Program adds specialized training on multicultural issues.

    Total Credits
    81 credit hours beyond the baccalaureate.
    Master's Thesis
    Six credits and an oral defense; also serves as the master's exam.
    Qualifying Exam
    Doctoral qualifying examination required before candidacy.
    Dissertation
    12 credit hours and a public defense.
    Internship
    Approved clinical internship, PSYC 8986.

    Program Sources: Psychology, PHD | Marquette University Bulletin

    Doctoral Degrees Awarded
    3
    Psychology, 2023–24
    Research Designation
    R2
    Institution, Carnegie 2025
    In-State Tuition + Fees
    $24,680
    Graduate, schoolwide, 2024–25
    Out-of-State Tuition + Fees
    $24,680
    Graduate, schoolwide, 2024–25

Psychology Programs in Wisconsin at a Glance

Ranked Schools
9
8 public, 1 private
Bachelor’s Programs
8
1,263 degrees in 2023–24
Doctoral Programs
2
9 degrees in 2023–24
Lowest In-State Tuition
$8,616
Bachelor’s list, schoolwide, 2024–25

How We Rank Psychology Programs in Wisconsin

Each program gets the same comparison score it earns in our national psychology model, calculated against the nationwide group that meets the numeric and directory criteria. We then order Wisconsin’s eligible programs by that score within each degree level. We feature up to 10 programs, taking the next highest-ranked program from each degree-level list in turn. Scores are compared only within the same degree level. Bachelor’s lists weigh graduation rate (20%), published tuition (20%), graduate earnings (20%), program reputation (25%), and degrees awarded (15%). Doctoral lists weigh research activity (35%), program reputation (35%), and doctoral degrees awarded (30%). See the full ranking method.

Best Psychology Schools in Wisconsin by Goal

These picks compare only the programs featured in the lists above.

Lowest In-State Tuition for a Bachelor’s

University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

$8,616 in annual undergraduate tuition and required fees for state residents (2024–25), the lowest among the 8 bachelor’s programs shown here.

Most Psychology Bachelor’s Graduates

University of Wisconsin-Madison

424 psychology bachelor’s degrees awarded in 2023–24, the most of any school on this list.

Top-Scoring Private College

Marquette University

The highest-scoring private school on the bachelor’s list (No. 4 overall), with a comparison score of 74.0.

Graduate Study at an R1 University

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Carries the Carnegie 2025 Research 1 designation for very high research spending and doctorate production.

Statewide Context: How Wisconsin Psychology Programs Stack Up on Size and Cost

This statewide overview includes all 30 eligible programs at 29 schools. Its totals, tuition comparisons, and ranks describe that wider group; the lists above feature 10 programs.

The Wisconsin psychology rankings cover 29 schools and 1,819 degrees awarded by ranked programs in 2023–24. The ranked programs awarded 1,819 degrees in 2023–24. University of Wisconsin-Madison ranks first for the bachelor’s degree and graduated the most majors.

Madison ranks first and awarded 424 bachelor’s degrees in 2023–24, with a 90% graduation rate at $11,603. UW-Eau Claire is second and La Crosse third, both at 78.9. La Crosse awarded 198 with a 71% schoolwide graduation rate at $10,070, and Eau Claire awarded 136 at $9,642. UW-Whitewater awarded 102 at $8,616. Twenty-eight schools are ranked at the bachelor’s level, with costs from $8,270 to $60,886.

Graduate choices are narrower. For research doctorates, UW-Milwaukee ranks first with 6 in 2023–24, followed by Marquette with 3. Private schools outnumber public ones on this list, so compare tuition closely.

Psychology Licensure in Wisconsin

The Psychology Examining Board licenses psychologists in Wisconsin. A bachelor’s or master’s degree in psychology does not by itself qualify you to practice as a psychologist.

Psychologist

Degree
Doctoral degree in psychology from an APA- or CPA-accredited program, or academic training the board finds substantially equivalent (including credentials evaluated by the National Register of Health Service Psychologists)
Exam
EPPP Part 1 (Knowledge) plus the Wisconsin statutes and rules exam (85% passing score). DSPS says the integrated EPPP will be introduced in the fourth quarter of 2027, and all candidates must take it starting April 1, 2028.
Supervised Experience
At least 3,000 hours of supervised graduate-level experience: at least 1,500 hours in an internship completed after all doctoral coursework, plus 1,500 more hours from any mix of pre-internship hours (after the first doctoral year), internship hours beyond 1,500, post-internship hours before the degree is conferred, or postdoctoral hours
Practice
Independent. Wisconsin also issues an interim psychologist license to applicants who meet the degree, internship, and state law exam requirements. The interim license holder may provide psychological services only under the supervision of qualified supervisors (Wis. Stat. 455.04(2)).

Source: Psychologist: Initial Licensure (Wisconsin DSPS)

The Wisconsin psychology board does not issue a separate master’s-level psychology credential. Master’s graduates who want to provide therapy usually pursue a counseling or marriage and family therapy license from a different board.

The Wisconsin Psychology Examining Board issues no master’s-level license. Wis. Stat. 455.02(2m)(o) lets state or local government agency employees with a master’s degree in psychology use the title psychological associate within their agency job, but this is an exemption, not a board credential. Wisconsin belongs to PSYPACT (Wis. Stat. 455.50 to 455.51, 2021 Wisconsin Act 131). New private practice school psychologist licenses ended June 1, 2021 (2021 Wisconsin Act 22); school psychologist credentials now come from the Department of Public Instruction.

Requirements summarized from the board’s official pages. Confirm the current rules with the board before you choose a graduate program.

Psychologist Salaries in Wisconsin

These are BLS median annual wages for Wisconsin and the United States from the May 2025 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey. A median is the midpoint among workers in the occupation, from new hires to senior staff, so it is not a starting salary for a new graduate. The 10th–90th percentile range shows what the middle 80% of workers earn in the state.

Annual wages in Wisconsin compared with the United States
OccupationWisconsin MedianWisconsin 10th–90th PercentileU.S. MedianWisconsin Jobs
Psychologist Salary in Wisconsin BLS: Clinical and Counseling Psychologists$113,360$76,360–$166,270$100,5801,150
Psychologist Pay in Wisconsin BLS: School Psychologists$83,330$60,660–$129,380$95,9901,180
Psychologist Salary in Wisconsin BLS: Psychologists, All Other$81,860$55,160–$154,260$110,8401,080

Source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025. Wage data does not enter the program scores.

Psychology Programs in Wisconsin: Common Questions

How Many Schools in Wisconsin Appear in These Psychology Rankings?

9 schools in Wisconsin appear in the lists shown here (8 bachelor’s, 2 research doctorate programs). A school can appear at more than one degree level. The page features 10 programs selected from 30 eligible programs at 29 schools. The degree counts come from federal IPEDS completions for 2023–24.

Which Psychology Bachelor’s Program in Wisconsin Has the Lowest Tuition?

University of Wisconsin-Whitewater lists $8,616 in annual undergraduate tuition and required fees for state residents in 2024–25, the lowest among the bachelor’s programs shown here. That is a schoolwide figure before aid, so check the program’s own costs and any fees for fieldwork or labs.

Which Schools in Wisconsin Reported Psychology Research Doctorates in 2023–24?

The federal IPEDS completions file records psychology research doctorates awarded in 2023–24 at Marquette University (3 degrees), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (6 degrees). These are historical award counts. Check current admissions, advisor availability, and funding directly with each department.

Which Wisconsin Schools Award Psychology Doctorates?

This statewide comparison covers all 30 eligible programs, including those outside the featured lists. Two are ranked for research doctorates: UW-Milwaukee, which awarded 6 in 2023–24, and Marquette University, which awarded 3.

How Many Psychology Programs Are Ranked in Wisconsin?

This statewide comparison covers all 30 eligible programs, including those outside the featured lists. Twenty-nine schools are ranked, 13 public and 16 private. They awarded 1,819 psychology degrees in 2023–24.

Sources

  1. IPEDS C2024_A completions: first-major degrees awarded by field and level, 2023–24.
  2. IPEDS COST1_2024: tuition and required fees, 2024–25.
  3. IPEDS DRVGR2024: schoolwide graduation rates.
  4. Carnegie 2025 Research Activity Designations.
  5. BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025 state estimates.
  6. Psychology Examining Board.
  7. SocialSciences.org ranking methodology.
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